Metronidazole
Type of Medication: Antibiotic
Indications: Treatment of (proven or suspected) anaerobic infections, C difficile colitis, aspiration pneumonia, dental infection and lung abscess. Also used in combination for H pylori eradication
Side Effects: Unpleasant taste, furred tongue, nausea, GI disturbances,agranulocytosis, neutropenia, thrombocytopenia, pancytopenia, peripheral neuropathy, abnormal LFT, cholestatic jaundice, drowsiness, dizziness, headaches, ataxia, myalgia, arthralgia, darkening of urine: hypersensitivity reactions including pruritis, urticaria, rash, angioedema and anaphylaxis.
Route of administration: Adult (Intravenous)
Dose:500 mg tds
Administration: 100 ml of 5 mg/ml infusion or 200 mg/5ml ampoules. Give over 30 to 60 minutes
Route of administration: Adult (Oral)
Dose:400mg tds
Administration: Take with food to reduce nausea. Don’t drink alcohol during course or for 48 hours afterwards
Route of administration: Paediatric (Intravenous)
Dose:7.5 mg/kg every 8 hrs., max: 500 mg tds
Administration:
Route of administration: Paediatric (Oral)
Dose:7.5 mg/kg every 8 hrs, max: 400 mg tds
Examples of some Drug Interactions
Interacting drug: Alcohol
avoid during treatment and 48 hours afterwards. Potential for disulfiram reaction.
Interacting drug: Lithium
increased risk of lithium toxicity
Interacting drug: phenytoin
increased plasma phenytoin concentration
Interacting drug: Warfarin
increases INR